On why free web applications aren’t actually free

Dec 11th 2009
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nomoneyEtherpad, a web based word-processor that allows multiple users to collaborate online in real time, announced last week that it had been purchased by Google and was to close immediately.

Unsurprisingly, this caused a great deal of consternation amongst educators who had been using Etherpad or, like me, were planning to use Etherpad in lessons that very week!

This proves Google is evil! was the immediate reaction among many of us who were rightly disappointed at the sudden takeover and the apparent decision by Google to close down Etherpad.

Google was clearly intent on stifling any form of competition to its new Google Wave service and that was clearly the reason for this most evil of moves.

Perhaps not so. It later transpired that Etherpad had been listening to its users’ concerns and immediately decided to re-open the service and keep it open for the foreseeable future – one must assume with the beneplacit of evil Google.

As I have already hinted, none of the following was particularly surprising to me: the fact that a growing and successful company like Google would gobble up a smaller rival, the accusations levelled against Google’s intentions or, indeed, the level of protestation that erupted from Etherpad’s users.

I did find it surprising to read, however, that given the fact that Etherpad was a free service, its users had therefore no right to protest against its closure, implying, in my view, that those of us using services like Etherpad were free loaders who are only interested in a freebie.

I felt this missed the point entirely. The assumption that Etherpad is free is wrong. I am not referring to the fact that Etherpad is was following a revenue model called freemium, which is working well for other free apps such as Evernote and, increasingly, Spotify, for example.

Those of us using these apps are not simply using them: we are talking about them, we are blogging about them, we are getting our colleagues to use them and, I suspect, most importantly to the likes of Google, we are getting our students to use them.

If you follow or, indeed, agree with this rhetoric, we can then almost surmise that it is we who are doing the work for free. We have pointed thousands of users towards Etherpad and, as Evernote can attest, these apps only need a relatively small proportion of premium users to make the service profitable.

If you think about it, Etherpad’s new owner, Google, is well aware of all this. Google makes its living by offering free services with the only aim of attracting huge amounts of users to whom Google can then show their customers’ adverts and sell their premium services.

My dad used to tell me stories of free cigarettes being given away by tobacco companies outside the school gates to pupils on the way home. Google’s strategy surrounding free web apps for education is very similar: hook’em while they’re young.

I am not blind to the fact that comparing Google’s tactics to those of tobacco companies is a tad unfair. We must admit, however, that the desired outcome is the same: to get young people conditioned to using a product form an early age.

Personally, I have no great moral objection to this so long as Google Docs, for example – or any other web app for that matter, continues to be a useful tool for education.

However, educators must not be blind to the fact that, by promoting these tools among our fellow educators and among our students, we are not using them for free: we are, in fact, driving potential customers towards these applications in droves, which to them is priceless.

So no, web applications are not free. They just appear to be.

Post photo by Neubie – Cover photo by DavidDMuir

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  • johndoe
    You could have equally compared Google to Apple and Microsoft instead of the cigarette industry. Both Apple and MS have been pushing their products into schools since the beginning. Was it soup labels that we had to save to get the free Macs? I forget now.
  • paul martin
    Free ? Am I misreading Google's upgrade details for edu - I get the impression that there is a short step between free-at-home-for-students to an institution using such and paying some fee. Of course there is no free lunch but the best things in life are free, especially at this time of year when (tobe sort of trite, but hopefully clear) lots of people brighten the world with Christmas light displays. Indeed everytime I see Bill Gates I do smile to myself, so its not just those Cavaliers that are doing a great job.
  • Guest
    Thank you Kerry and Graham for your contributions. My point is that these apps are not really free. Sure, you don't pay money, but the app developer expects a reward from the use you and many others like us make of it.

    You are both right, relying on free tools has its risks and you must be prepared to move on if/when they go bust. However, I feel people who have done their bit making up the numbers, supporting and making use of the app, having invested time and resources in it (perhaps like you with Lively, Graham), are entitled to a moan if the plug is pulled suddenly, as tends to be the modus operandi as far as Google is concerned, it would seem.
  • Graham Davies
    I suppose the moral of this story is: Don't expect free Web 2.0 applications to last for ever, and don't attempt to base a substantial part of your teaching programme on them.

    There are 100s of Web 2.0 applications that have had short lives or had their lives curtailed for business reasons. Google's Lively is a notable example. It was a 3D world, which was launched in mid-2008. I thought it was interesting, opened a Lively account and spent many hours creating my room in this little world. A colleague and I introduced Lively to participants in a workshop on 3D worlds at EUROCALL 2008 in September of that year. At the end of the year Lively was killed off. All I have remaining for my labours is a collection of screenshots that I took of my room.

    Graham
  • Kerry Turner
    If I'm reading this correctly Jose, it's partly a gentle reminder that as much as we all like free web 2.0 apps, they can 'pull the plug' on us at any time. We use the tool, tweet about it to fellow teachers and build up a fair reliance on the marvellous things it allows us to do. In doing so the app draws a crowd, the big players see a money opportunity, buy out the app and then decide to charge a fee to a heavily loaded following field. We're then 'stuck' because we rely on the app in order to do what we always have done - for free.

    Well that's partly what I read here anyway. A wake up call for all of us who are relying on using the free tools, and who are hoping to even create learning platforms on these. The message is clear, be prepared to pay, or walk away. We were lucky - this time! :0)

    Kerry
  • >I am not blind to the fact that comparing Google’s tactics to those of tobacco companies is a tad unfair.

    Who knows? We didn't know back then the harm cigarettes would cause. We don't know yet where our dependence on the internet will lead. Could be worse than cancer in the long run. We just don't know. (I love what I'm able to do online. I hope I can make a positive difference in the world. But...)
  • I think you're conflating several versions of 'free' here, José. You're argument seems to be:

    1. Educators use 'free' versions of tools
    2. Companies profit (through increased awareness, etc.) from educators discussing these tools.
    THEREFORE
    Companies should not pull the plug on free tools

    Etherpad's actions (freemium model) and Google's actions are completely separate. If Etherpad had not been bought by Google and just discontinued its free service, what would your response have been?
  • Guest
    Perhaps I haven't made myself clear. Those are most certainly not my arguments, well, your number two certainly isn't.

    My point is: Companies profit from education use THEREFORE they are not free, since they expect a return on their investment. There's no such thing as a free lunch Doug! ;-)

    In answer to your question, my response, if any, would have been one of resignation.

    By the way could you please enlighten me as to how I am conflating several versions of free? I wasn't aware there were several versions of free! I must check the dictionary more often! ;-)
  • Come on, José, as an Open Source advocate you know there are many definitions of free! (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free)

    You're conflating freedom from (cost) with freedom to use the service.

    Anyway, no matter. What's important is that educators are aware of the issues. :-)
  • Guest
    Blast, I've been caught out! :-) You are right to differentiate free from cost from freedom to use, although, to be fair, to most teachers, who are not necessarily aware of these rather academic distinctions between differing degrees of freedom, free means free... but yes, I take your point. I hope you can see mine.
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